Short Attention Span Summary
Oxygen in every orifice
This was a small RCT, with 25 patients per group who had hypoxic respiratory failure requiring emergent ICU intubation (mostly ARDS and pneumonia). They compared high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) 60 L/min + non-invasive ventilation (NIV) using BiPAP 10/5 vs. NIV only. No patients in the HFNC + NIV had desaturation <80% vs 5 (20%) in the NIV-only group.
Spoon Feed
Blow as much oxygen into every hole in a patient’s face as you can when preoxygenating sick, hypoxic patients. The combination of HFNC + NIV worked very well in this study. Like @emcrit says, “There is no such thing as crash intubation anymore, there is only crash oxygenation followed by slow, controlled intubation.”
Abstract
Intensive Care Med. 2016 Oct 11. [Epub ahead of print]
Jaber S1,2, Monnin M3, Girard M3, Conseil M3, Cisse M3, Carr J3, Mahul M3, Delay JM3, Belafia F3, Chanques G3,4, Molinari N5, De Jong A3,4.
Author information:
1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine B (DAR B), Saint-Eloi Hospital, University Teaching Hospital of Montpellier, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France. [email protected].
2INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France. [email protected].
3Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine B (DAR B), Saint-Eloi Hospital, University Teaching Hospital of Montpellier, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France.
4INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France.
5Department of Statistics, University of Montpellier Lapeyronie Hospital, UMR 729 MISTEA, Montpellier, France.
Abstract
PURPOSE:
High-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC) has the potential to provide apnoeic oxygenation. We decided to assess in a proof-of-concept study whether the addition of HFNC to non-invasive ventilation (NIV) could reduce oxygen desaturation during intubation, compared with NIV alone for preoxygenation, in severely hypoxaemic intensive care unit (ICU) patients with respiratory failure.
METHODS:
We conducted a randomised, controlled, single-centre trial with assessor-blinded outcome assessment in patients admitted to the ICU. Hypoxaemic patients requiring orotracheal intubation for respiratory failure were randomised to receive preoxygenation using HFNC [flow = 60 L/min, fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) = 100 %] combined with NIV (pressure support = 10 cmH2O, positive end-expiratory pressure = 5 cmH2O, FiO2 = 100 %) in the intervention group or NIV alone in the reference group prior to intubation. The primary outcome was the lowest oxygen saturation (SpO2) during the intubation procedure. Secondary outcomes were intubation-related complications and ICU mortality.
RESULTS:
Between July 2015 and February 2016, we randomly assigned 25 and 24 patients to the intervention and reference groups, respectively. In both groups the main reasons for respiratory failure were pneumonia and ARDS. During the intubation procedure, the lowest SpO2 values were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the reference group [100 (95-100) % vs. 96 (92-99) %, p = 0.029]. After exclusion of two patients from analysis for protocol violation, no (0 %) patients in the intervention group and five (21 %) patients in the reference group had SpO2 below 80 % (p = 0.050). We recorded no significant difference between the groups in intubation-related complications or ICU mortality.
CONCLUSIONS:
A novel strategy for preoxygenation in hypoxaemic patients, adding HFNC for apnoeic oxygenation to NIV prior to orotracheal intubation, may be more effective in reducing the severity of oxygen desaturation than the reference method using NIV alone.
PMID: 27730283 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
