Old or New Blood for Transfusion
December 15, 2016
Short Attention Span Summary
Use by expiration date
Older blood for transfusion undergoes predictable degradation over time, called the “storage lesion.” Prior studies have raised concern that transfusion of older blood may cause harm. Trauma centers use a lot of blood products. Often older blood, nearing expiration, is moved to trauma centers so it will be used up quickly and not wasted. This was a RCT of all-comers needing transfusion of PRBCs while hospitalized. They found no difference in mortality in those who received the freshest blood vs older PRBCs.
Spoon Feed
Transfusion of older PRBCs does not appear to cause harm.
Abstract
N Engl J Med. 2016 Oct 24. [Epub ahead of print]
Effect of Short-Term vs. Long-Term Blood Storage on Mortality after Transfusion.
Heddle NM1, Cook RJ1, Arnold DM1, Liu Y1, Barty R1, Crowther MA1, Devereaux PJ1, Hirsh J1, Warkentin TE1, Webert KE1, Roxby D1, Sobieraj-Teague M1, Kurz A1, Sessler DI1, Figueroa P1, Ellis M1, Eikelboom JW1.
Author information:
1From the Departments of Medicine (N.M.H., D.M.A., Y.L., R.B., M.A.C., P.J.D., J.H., T.E.W., J.W.E.), Pathology and Molecular Medicine (N.M.H., M.A.C., T.E.W., K.E.W.), and Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (N.M.H., P.J.D.) and McMaster Centre for Transfusion Research (N.M.H., R.J.C., D.M.A., Y.L., R.B., T.E.W., K.E.W.), McMaster University, Canadian Blood Services (N.M.H., D.M.A., K.E.W.), the Population Health Research Institute (P.J.D., J.W.E.), and the Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute (J.W.E.), Hamilton, ON, and the Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON (R.J.C.) – all in Canada; SA Pathology Transfusion Service, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia (D.R., M.S.-T.); the Departments of General Anesthesiology (A.K.) and Outcomes Research (A.K., D.I.S.), Anesthesiology Institute, and the Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute and the Department of Laboratory Medicine (P.F.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland; and Meir Medical Center Kfar Saba and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.E.).
Abstract
Background
Randomized, controlled trials have suggested that the transfusion of blood after prolonged storage does not increase the risk of adverse outcomes among patients, although most of these trials were restricted to high-risk populations and were not powered to detect small but clinically important differences in mortality. We sought to find out whether the duration of blood storage would have an effect on mortality after transfusion in a general population of hospitalized patients. Methods
In this pragmatic, randomized, controlled trial conducted at six hospitals in four countries, we randomly assigned patients who required a red-cell transfusion to receive blood that had been stored for the shortest duration (short-term storage group) or the longest duration (long-term storage group) in a 1:2 ratio. Only patients with type A or O blood were included in the primary analysis, since pilot data suggested that our goal of achieving a difference in the mean duration of blood storage of at least 10 days would not be possible with other blood types. Written informed consent was waived because all the patients received treatment consistent with the current standard of care. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, which was estimated by means of a logistic-regression model after adjustment for study center and patient blood type.
Results
From April 2012 through October 2015, a total of 31,497 patients underwent randomization. Of these patients, 6761 who did not meet all the enrollment criteria were excluded after randomization. The primary analysis included 20,858 patients with type A or O blood. Of these patients, 6936 were assigned to the short-term storage group and 13,922 to the long-term storage group. The mean storage duration was 13.0 days in the short-term storage group and 23.6 days in the long-term storage group. There were 634 deaths (9.1%) in the short-term storage group and 1213 (8.7%) in the long-term storage group (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 1.16; P=0.34). When the analysis was expanded to include the 24,736 patients with any blood type, the results were similar, with rates of death of 9.1% and 8.8%, respectively (odds ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.14; P=0.38). Additional results were consistent in three prespecified high-risk subgroups (patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery, those admitted to intensive care, and those with cancer).
Conclusions
Among patients in a general hospital population, there was no significant difference in the rate of death among those who underwent transfusion with the freshest available blood and those who underwent transfusion according to the standard practice of transfusing the oldest available blood. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; INFORM Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN08118744 .).
PMID: 27775503 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]