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Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i)-associated ketoacidosis (DKA) had delayed resolution compared to type 1 diabetes (T1D)-associated DKA despite often being “milder”. This could be due to significantly lower insulin doses given in the setting of the lower plasma glucose levels often seen in this population.

Source
SGLT2 Inhibitor-Associated Ketoacidosis vs Type 1 Diabetes-Associated Ketoacidosis. JAMA Netw Open. 2024 Mar 18;7(3):e242744. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.2744. PMID: 38497966

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REBOA has emerged as a critical intervention for managing hemorrhagic shock, but current guidelines are non-specific. Employing REBOA in unstable trauma patients with SBPs 60-80 mmHg is ideal, before further decompensation and increased mortality.

Source
Critical systolic blood pressure threshold for endovascular aortic occlusion-A multinational analysis to determine when to place a REBOA. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2024 Feb 1;96(2):247-255. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000004160. Epub 2023 Oct 19. PMID: 37853558

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In a very specific subgroup of weights, using an ETT that is 0.5 mm smaller than the NRP recommended size was associated with reduced adverse events during tracheal intubation of neonates. 

Source
Endotracheal tube size adjustments within 7 day of neonatal intubation. Pediatrics. 2024 Mar 12:e2023062925. Online Ahead of Print.

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The HOT-COVID RCT found that hypoxemic COVID-19 patients in the ICU benefitted from a lower oxygenation target (PaO₂ 60 mm Hg) by having more days without life support than those who had a higher oxygenation target (PaO₂ goal 90 mm Hg).

Source
Lower vs Higher Oxygenation Target and Days Alive Without Life Support in COVID-19: The HOT-COVID Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. Published online March 19, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2934

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High-dose epinephrine (>3mg) was associated with unfavorable neurologic outcome when compared to low-dose epinephrine (≤3mg) after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Source
Cumulative epinephrine dose during cardiac arrest and neurologic outcome after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Am J Emerg Med. 2024 Mar 15;80:61-66. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2024.03.013. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38507848.

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Targeted ETCO2 ≥20 mm Hg during pediatric resuscitation was associated with higher rate of survival in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest.

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Kids frequently present with abnormal vital signs but seldom require prehospital life-saving interventions (LSI). Based on the occurrence of LSI, age-group vital sign ranges were adjusted to better identify critically ill kids. Abnormal respiratory status (RR, SpO2) was strongly associated with prehospital LSI.

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The goal of invasive management in the cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) is to identify and treat culprit coronary lesion or additional resuscitative measures (such as mechanical circulatory support (MCS) or interventions for massive pulmonary embolism). This is a scientific statement from the American Heart Association (AHA) which provides an update on the role of CCL in the management of resuscitated patients or those with ongoing cardiac arrest.

Source
Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Management of the Comatose Adult Patient With an Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2024 Jan 30;149(5):e274-e295. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001199. Epub 2023 Dec 19. PMID: 38112086.

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In this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the use of a bougie versus non-bougie approach (ie. stylet) in intubations of adult patients, a bougie-first approach significantly increased the rate of first-attempt success compared to controls. But what does this say about your intubation strategy?

Source
Effect of Bougie Use on First-Attempt Success in Tracheal Intubations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Emerg Med. 2024 Feb;83(2):132-144. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2023.08.484. Epub 2023 Sep 19.

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The Phoenix Sepsis Score, which is a novel clinical criterion for pediatric sepsis and septic shock developed using measures of organ dysfunction, outperforms existing IPSCC criteria for the diagnosis of pediatric sepsis and septic shock.

Source
Development and Validation of the Phoenix Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock. JAMA. 2024 Feb 27;331(8):675-686. doi: 10.1001/jama.2024.0196.