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Reduced-dose CT significantly outperformed multiview chest radiographs in diagnosing pediatric foreign body aspiration, with higher sensitivity and fewer missed cases.
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Reduced-Dose Computed Tomography vs Multiview Radiographs in Pediatric Foreign Body Aspiration. J Pediatr. 2026 Feb 13;293:115030. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2026.115030. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41692225.
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In acute uncomplicated appendicitis treated with antibiotics, the recurrence rate was 37.8% and appendectomy rate was 44.3% at 10-year follow up.
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Antibiotic Therapy for Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis: Ten-Year Follow-Up of the APPAC Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2026 Jan 21:e2525921. doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.25921. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41563747; PMCID: PMC12824850.
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This evidence-based expert position statement on necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) provides best practices for assessment, diagnosis, treatment, antimicrobials, adjunctive therapies, and long-term management.
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Necrotizing soft-tissue infections survival guide in adult patients: A position statement by the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2026 Feb 1;100(2):320-331. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000004833. Epub 2025 Dec 17. PMID: 41417687.
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Large multicenter trials show that nonoperative antibiotic management of acute uncomplicated appendicitis is a safe, effective, and cost-effective alternative to urgent appendectomy for many adults and children. See Editor’s note at the end for counterpoint.
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Nonoperative Treatment of Appendicitis and Implications for Emergency Department Management: A Narrative Review. Ann Emerg Med. 2025 Dec 4:S0196-0644(25)01283-1. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2025.09.035. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41348058.
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In this dual-site retrospective study, the authors found that gallbladder wall changes associated with cholecystitis progress dynamically and may not be present on initial ED POCUS.
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Evolution of Secondary Findings in Acute Cholecystitis: A Temporal Analysis from Point-of-Care Ultrasound to Subsequent Imaging. J Emerg Med. 2025 Nov;78:266-274. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2025.03.020. Epub 2025 Mar 26. PMID: 41016303.
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Antibiotic-only management of uncomplicated pediatric appendicitis led to nearly five times higher failure rates and more major complications within a year compared with appendectomy, suggesting the knife still has the edge.
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Reevaluating Nonoperative Management for Pediatric Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2025 Oct 5:e254091. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.4091. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41046476; PMCID: PMC12498239.
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Pediatric patients with a positive ultrasound (US) and Pediatric Appendicitis Risk Calculator (pARC) score ≥ 25% are highly likely to have pathology-proven appendicitis.
Editor’s note: After ultrasound, 89.9% had pathology-confirmed appendicitis (that is the pretest probability). Ultrasound + pARC ≥25% has LR+ 7.17. So, the post-test probability increases to 98.5%. Use JournalFeed’s EBM calculators to see this in action. ~ Clay Smith
Source
Identification of Children With a Positive Ultrasound and Appendicitis Using the Pediatric Appendicitis Risk Calculator: Retrospective Cohort Study. Acad Emerg Med. 2025 Aug 1. doi: 10.1111/acem.70118. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40748264.
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Intra-abdominal injuries (including bowel and solid organ injury) were present in over one-third of patients with thoracolumbar flexion-distraction injuries (Chance fractures), with pediatric patients experiencing even higher rates of both intra-abdominal injury and surgical intervention.
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A meta-analysis of the incidence of intra-abdominal injuries associated with thoracic or lumbar flexion-distraction injuries. Injury. 2025 Jun;56(6):112337. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2025.112337. Epub 2025 Apr 8. PMID: 40273660.
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Nuts, corn, and seeds were not associated with increased incidence of diverticulitis in women in a large prospective cohort study.
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Diet and Risk for Incident Diverticulitis in Women : A Prospective Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Jun;178(6):788-795. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-24-03353. Epub 2025 May 6. PMID: 40324196
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In patients with lower extremity wounds, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) neither improved wound healing nor decreased complication rates when compared to surgical wound healing by secondary intention (SWHSI).
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Negative pressure wound therapy versus usual care in patients with surgical wound healing by secondary intention in the UK (SWHSI-2): an open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2025 May 10;405(10490):1689-1699. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00143-6. Epub 2025 Apr 15. PMID: 40250455