Excessive sedation of intubated adult patients in the ED was associated with increased in-hospital mortality.  Aim for a RASS > -3.

Low tidal volume ventilation reduced mortality in patients with acute lung injury.  If you want to learn more, see this post on Managing the Vent Like a Pro.

Blasting nasal cannula oxygen (apneic oxygenation) during endotracheal intubation of ED patients led to higher O2 saturation, decreased episodes of desaturation, and improved first-pass success.

Non-invasive ventilation makes a big impact on patients with acute pulmonary edema - fewer need intubation, and it may reduce mortality.

Prehopital ARDSnet ventilation strategies appear to reduce mortality, ICU length of stay, and days on the ventilator.

A cocktail of IV vitamin C, hydrocortisone, and thiamine appeared to dramatically reduce mortality in this small, exploratory, before/after study. 

One of the most important tasks we do in sepsis care, after identifying it, is to start appropriate antibiotics as soon as possible.  This is associated with mortality reduction.

Learn the new Sepsis-3 definition of septic shock, but realize that the old definition still identifies a group of very ill individuals with high mortality.

qSOFA was associated with mortality, ICU admission, and length of stay in this single-center retrospective study.

Once sepsis is detected, start broad spectrum antibiotics as soon as possible.  Delays were associated with mortality: 1 hour = ~1%.