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Drop the delta-delta and learn a simpler approach to acid-base calculations! Once you learn the basics, check your math with the JournalFeed Acid-Base Calculator.
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Quantitative Acid-Base: A Simplified Approach for the Emergency Physician. J Emerg Med. 2025 Oct;77:50-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2025.07.021. Epub 2025 Jul 15. PMID: 40850064.
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In this retrospective study of ED-diagnosed UTIs, Cephalexin dosed twice daily was just as effective as four times daily, with no significant difference in treatment failure – suggesting BID dosing may be a practical, adherence-friendly option in some patients.
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Cephalexin twice daily versus four times daily for the treatment of urinary tract infections diagnosed in the emergency department. Am J Emerg Med. 2025 Jul;93:80-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2025.03.058. Epub 2025 Mar 24. PMID: 40184663
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Irregularities in potassium (both hyper- and hypo-) increased the likelihood of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA), but only hyperkalemia was associated with worse post-resuscitation outcomes.
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Potassium Levels and In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Matched Case-Control Study. Crit Care Med. 2025 Jul 1;53(7):e1426-e1436. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000006713. Epub 2025 May 19. PMID: 40387484
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In patients with CKD and gout, acute flares should avoid NSAIDs and consider either dose-adjusted colchicine, oral steroids, or intra-articular steroids; for urate lowering, start low and go slow with allopurinol.
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Gout Management in Patients With CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2025 Jul 1:S0272-6386(25)00924-2. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2025.04.020. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40609855
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This meta-analysis suggests that patients with hypernatremia may have a mortality and length of stay benefit with a faster correction goal than current guidelines.
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the treatment of hypernatremia in adult hospitalized patients: impact on mortality, morbidity, and treatment-related side effects. J Crit Care. 2025 Jun;87:155012. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2024.155012. Epub 2025 Jan 6. PMID: 39765195
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For resistant hypertension, amiloride was noninferior to spironolactone in lowering blood pressure at 3-month follow-up.
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Spironolactone vs Amiloride for Resistant Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2025 May 14:e255129. doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.5129. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40366680
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There is huge variability in UTI treatment for patients with urinary tract anomalies, but no significant difference in the presence of bacteremia, ICU admission, or rate of ED revisit.
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Variability in Treatment of UTIs in Children With Genitourinary Anomalies in Children’s Hospitals. Hosp Pediatr. 2025 Apr 1;15(4):309-317. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2024-007914. PMID: 40127685
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Early vs. delayed renal replacement therapy (RRT) showed no mortality difference in ICU patients with KDIGO stage 3 acute kidney injury.
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Initiation Strategies for Renal-Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jul 14;375(2):122-33. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1603017. Epub 2016 May 15. PMID: 27181456
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In a retrospective analysis of patients with septic shock and renal impairment, albumin administration was associated with increased risk of in-hospital death or initiation of renal replacement therapy.
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Comparative Effectiveness of Albumin vs No Albumin on Renal Replacement Therapy and Mortality in Patients With Septic Shock and Renal Impairment. Chest. 2025 Apr;167(4):1090-1098. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2024.10.012. Epub 2024 Oct 18. PMID: 39426720
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This article argues for albuterol and insulin/glucose and against calcium use for hyperkalemia.
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Pharmacological interventions for the acute treatment of hyperkalaemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Resuscitation. 2025 Mar;208:110489. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110489. Epub 2025 Jan 4. PMID: 39761907