Top Insights from Ophthalmology Journals

Emergency Medicine Imaging Ophthalmology Pediatric Emergency Trauma

Is CT Accurate for Globe Rupture?
February 10, 2026February 25, 2026

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When eye exam is limited by trauma, we rely on orbital CT. While specificity is 94%, sensitivity is only 75% for open globe injuries (OGI), making surgical consultation necessary when suspicion remains.

Source
Diagnostic test accuracy of CT for open globe injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis of overall impression and individual imaging signs. Injury. 2026 Jan 10;57(3):113041. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2026.113041. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41534455.

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Neurology Neurosurgery Ophthalmology POCUS

How to Measure Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter
October 6, 2025October 23, 2025

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In this retrospective study on optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), the sagittal measurement was statistically disparate from the transverse measurement, with the authors recommending the transverse approach.

Source
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter: Which Axis Should Be Measured? J Neuroimaging. 2025 Jul-Aug;35(4):e70076. doi: 10.1111/jon.70076. PMID: 40754891; PMCID: PMC12319288.

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Neurology Neurosurgery Ophthalmology POCUS

Seated, Supine…Male, Female – Impact on Optic Nerve POCUS
February 24, 2025February 26, 2025

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Ocular ultrasound on healthy volunteers found a small decrease in optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in females vs males and in the sitting position vs. supine.

Source
The impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vessels. Ultrasound J. 2025 Jan 16;17(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s13089-025-00403-x. PMID: 39821587

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Family Medicine Ophthalmology Pediatrics Trauma

Do Infants Get Subconjunctival Hemorrhage from Valsalva? Nope…
December 18, 2024May 5, 2025

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Subconjunctival hemorrhage (SCH) is not more common in infants and toddlers with Valsalva-associated problems like cough, vomiting, or constipation, and clinicians should avoid attributing SCH in infants and toddlers to these causes.

Source
Subconjunctival Hemorrhages Are Rare Among Infants With Cough and Gastrointestinal Conditions. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2024 Oct 30. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000003293. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39475329

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Family Medicine Infectious Disease Ophthalmology Pediatric Emergency Pediatrics

When to Prescribe Antibiotics for Conjunctivitis
December 3, 2024May 5, 2025

Spoon Feed —
There are no symptoms that reliably predict the presence of bacteria in children with conjunctivitis. Most kids with conjunctivitis get better with or without antibiotics, even if bacteria are present.

Source
Etiology and Outcomes of Acute Infectious Conjunctivitis in Children. J Pediatr. 2024 Oct 18;276:114368. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.114368. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39428088

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ENT/Face Infectious Disease Ophthalmology Pediatric Emergency Pediatrics Pharmacy/Pharmacology

How Do We Choose Antibiotics for Preseptal Cellulitis?
December 2, 2024December 5, 2024

Spoon Feed —
Clinical practice guidelines that emphasize the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics for preseptal cellulitis can be useful in decreasing use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, particularly those targeted at MRSA.

Source
Improving Antibiotic Use in Pediatric Preseptal Cellulitis Using a Clinical Practice Guideline. Hosp Pediatr. 2024 Oct 1;14(10):791-798. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2023-007581. PMID: 39246158

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Emergency Medicine Ophthalmology Pain/Sedation/Procedure Pharmacy/Pharmacology

New ACEP Guideline – Topical Anesthetics for Corneal Abrasion
March 6, 2024October 15, 2024

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The ACEP consensus seems to indicate that it may be safe for patients with a simple corneal abrasion to go home with 24 hour usage of topical anesthetics for pain relief, but the ophthalmologists are not on board.

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Emergency Medicine Ophthalmology Pain/Sedation/Procedure Trauma

Can Emergency Physicians Do Lateral Canthotomy?
July 11, 2023October 15, 2024

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This retrospective study showed that EM providers are equipped to perform lateral canthotomy and cantholysis (C&C) in cases of orbital compartment syndrome (OCS) with success rates comparable to ophthalmologists.

Source
Success rates of lateral canthotomy and cantholysis for treatment of orbital compartment syndrome. Am J Emerg Med. 2023 Jun 1;70:140-143. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.05.037. Epub ahead of print.

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Emergency Medicine Infectious Disease Ophthalmology Pediatric Emergency Pediatrics

How Much Do You Know About Orbital Cellulitis?
July 10, 2023October 24, 2024

Spoon Feed —
Orbital cellulitis is a high-risk and low-prevalence disease characterized by a painful, red eye, usually with eyelid erythema. Red flags include pain with eye movements, photophobia, diplopia, decreased visual acuity, decreased color vision, and proptosis.

Source
High risk and low prevalence diseases: Orbital cellulitis. Am J Emerg Med. 2023 Jun;68:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.02.024. Epub 2023 Feb 26.

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Emergency Medicine Ophthalmology Technology

First, Let Me Take a Selfie…and Make a Diagnosis of Corneal Abrasion?
December 20, 2022October 15, 2024

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A smartphone app was developed to provide cobalt blue lighting in selfie mode to diagnose corneal injuries. See images below!

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